Search This Blog

Friday, August 21, 2026

Oranges are Sweet

 Updated with further information


If only this had been in place before Ernest Shaw went there!
Cassino and its surroundings were a no-go area for a long time after the fighting was over, with uncleared minefields being a particular hazard. This sign was near the River Garigliano. All the orchards on the northern side of the Garigliano have been thickly sown with mines-hence the notice. The man in the pictiure is L/Cpl. Babb of Heath End, Great Kingshill High Wycombe, Bucks. Photo 10 Feb 44 NA11582


Thursday, August 20, 2026

17 Jan 44 Crews prepare for river crossing

More Information

 Crews of some Priests self-propelled guns at work preparing them for the river crossing. 17 Brigade, Garigliano area.   Photo 17 Jan 44 2 APFU Sgt. Johnson. NA 10922.


17 January 1944 is the eve of the launching of the first stage of the battle for Rome.

Armour moves up for the battle, and mobile “PRIEST” Guns and their crews prepare.   Last minute adjustments and repairs are carried out on the guns, and the gunners eat their eve of battle meal.   Gunners of the 471 Battery, Surrey and Sussex Yeomanry prepare themselves and their mobile PRIEST Guns for the battle.

NEW INFORMATION RECEIVED SINCE BOOK PUBLISHED: 

"Mark Howard, historian researching the 98 Field Regiment Royal Artillery”

It is believed that the Sergeant working on the gun is Sgt. Gerry Tonkin.


                                   Priest F1 Sgt. Gerry Tonkin on right Winter 1944






Monday, August 17, 2026

1 York & Lancs. actual route of attack on Monte Natale 20 Jan 44.

 

1 York & Lancs. actual route of attack on Monte Natale 20 Jan 44. ‘A’ Co. on reaching the road turned right in front of the Cemetery and went around the corner to the left. (Map Frank de Planta)

Ernest Shaw of 1 York & Lancs reported:

We were going down the side of a road, perhaps 50 yards off the road on the right of the road (just before the Gerry Aid Post.   The Gerry Aid Post was just on the corner of the road which ran in front of the Cemetery as you approached it from Minturno). One of our platoons rounded the bend on the road itself and there must have been a German tank with this corner under observation and he let fly at them. There were a couple of casualties before they got off the road. While Ted and I were still behind this corner and still 30 to 40 yards short of the corner but off the road, “A” Company came marching down, a full platoon, not marching but walking in single file. Their Company Commander, I believe his name was Wilson, Major A. Wilson, was not far from the front, perhaps a couple of Sections in front of him and I shouted to him ‘Excuse me Sir watch it on the corner, you are under observation, you are better off the road’. But whether he did not hear me properly, he glared and carried on. Next thing the Gerry tank sees these guys going around the corner and lets go again and they scatter. There were a few casualties. I cursed the officer. “Daft Bugger”.


Friday, August 14, 2026

Road: Cemetery–Tufo. Point 172 at top.

              Road: Cemetery–Tufo. Point 172 at top. Ernest Strafford's grave is 55 yards from where this photo was taken on the right behind the hedge. (Photo John Strafford)



Sunday, July 26, 2026

 1 KOYLI War Diary 

19 Jan 44 – 1000 

Our initial task was to clear the village of Tufo, standing high on a ridge above the assembly area and then to push on to Point 201 to the North of Tufo. A large barrage of all the Corps Artillery plus a Medium Regiment had been laid on to support the attack. Unfortunately, this barrage had been decided upon before the infantry plan had been fixed and it did not in fact quite fit the ground as seen from the ground and not from a map. The attack as it was put in had the barrage on the left flank to start with, gradually moving away as the attack progressed. Not only this but the attack had to go in at 1000 hours to fit the barrage which did not in fact give the Battalion enough time for preparation, recce and forming up. Whilst directing the barrage Captain K. Ashdown, 92 Field Regiment Royal Artillery, who was the Forward Observation Officer was hit by one of his own shells and subsequently died of his wounds.



Thursday, July 16, 2026

Tuesday, July 14, 2026

Royal Artillery and the Coldstream Guards 22 Jan 44

 3 Coldstream Guards War Diary

22 Jan 44 – 0630 

Commanding Officer, Lt. Col. W.A.G. Burns MC and his group left the Assembly area. They went to the Battalion HQ of 1 Green Howards which were in slit trenches behind Tremensuoli. The HQ was under intermittent shellfire and aerial bombardment.

98 Field Regiment Royal Artillery War Diary

22 Jan 44 – 0650

SOS Category continuous: 471 Battery report strong counterattack making progress coming up road 781969 and at 780968 [Santa Maria Infante road, a kilometre North of the Cemetery]

Major G.H. Peile Adventures of 392 Battery, 98th Field Regiment (1945 IWM)

“On January 22 after a long and exhaustive recce by the Commanding Officer, the position of the Observation Posts, which had been obscure, had ended by Capt. Palmer manning the Observation Post with the Battery Commander, with the Battalion Commander of 3 Coldstream Guards, as the Regiment had now taken over support of 201 Guards Brigade, then under command of 5 Division..  

The position was extremely unpleasant.   The Coldstreams had their Battalion H.Q. in Tremensuoli, which was being subjected to constant shelling and mortar fire, and the O.P. was in a very muddy slit trench rather than in advance of the Front Defence Lines.   This O.P. was manned alternately by Capt. Palmer and Capt. Stride.   During the next four days some excellent shooting was done both by the forward O.P. and the rear O.P., the latter being able to engage hostile Batteries which could actually be seen firing.   The whole of the forward position was overlooked.”  

 

Thursday, July 9, 2026

German tanks coming from Santa Maria Infante. 22 Jan 44

 22 Jan 44

The German tanks were coming down this road from Santa Maria Infante. 40 Royal Tank Regiment had to stop them getting to this corner of the Cemetery. (Photo John Strafford)

Tuesday, July 7, 2026

Ortona, Italy. December 1943.

 


Ortona, Italy.   December 1943.   1 York and Lancs. were based just west of here at this time.
Michael Pare:
The artist was Major Charles Comfort, an official Canadian war artist and member of the Group of Seven. He painted this in London from his sketches in November 1944. It is part of the war artist collection of the Canadian War Museum.
It shows tanks of the 14th Canadian Armoured Regiment (Calgary Regiment) passing through Piazza Plebiscito in Ortona.



Monday, July 6, 2026

Grenadier Georg Duscher was killed on 22 Jan 44 at Solacciano

 

NEW INFORMATION RECEIVED SINCE BOOK PUBLISHED.

Book: Battle For Monte Natale Page  133



Translation of the German Text

Grenadier Georg Duscher was killed on 22 Jan 44 at Solacciano which is one kilometre West of the (Minturno) cemetery and two kilometres North of Tremensuoli.   He was with the 361 Grenadier Regiment.

**In pious remembrance of our dear

Senior Grenadier

Georg Duscher

Farmer’s son from the Basen farm in Achleiten,

Parish of Schardenberg,

who, in his 20th year of life, met a hero’s death in the heavy fighting in southern Italy.**

 

Poetic Verse

You left us with a courageous heart

And hoped for a reunion.

But now our pain is greater,

Since this can no longer happen.

Yet when the bell from the tower tolls

That death has been ordained for me so soon,

Then do not weep, my loved ones—

You must be where I am now.

I went with two of my brothers

As a hero to the homeland of heaven.



Friday, July 3, 2026

Grid HQ 5 Infantry Division

 Map of the Minturno area, each square is one km in width and length. this is the grid used by HQ 5 Infantry Division. Some units used slightly different grids. (Map TNA)






Wednesday, July 1, 2026

5 Infantry Division Revised Plan of attack 18 Jan 44

 XBR Corps War Diary.

18 Jan 44

5 Infantry Division Revised Plan of Attack showing 15 Infantry Brigade moving ahead to take Tufo and Minturno. 13 Infantry Brigade are to the right of them. No area was safe from mines.  (TNA)

dd


Saturday, June 27, 2026

Between 18 and 22 Jan 44 X Corps had lost almost 1,500 men.

 

NEW INFORMATION RECEIVED SINCE BOOK PUBLISHED

Book "Battle For Monte Natale" Page 128

From Norway to Burma by Roger Holgate

22 Jan 44 

Between 18 and 22 Jan 44 X Corps had lost almost 1,500 men.

13 Brigade was in the area between Tufo and Minturno, when the counter attack began on 20 Jan 44 and 15 Brigade was moving forward to take the ridge behind Tremensuoli.   For two days 1 KOYLI, with 1 Green Howards and 1 York & Lancs., stood firm against Kesselring’s counter attack, which surged along the boundary of the bridgehead, and on towards Mount Damiano, Mount Castiello and theSujo valley.   The front line on the right of the attack moved back and forth, as the Germans fought to throw it back to the river.   As the casualties began to mount, the entire front started to stabilise into na position that was roughly the same as had existed when the German counter attack had been launched.

Friday, June 26, 2026

Jan 17 1944 2 Royal Scots Fusiliers amphibious assault on Monte d'Argento

 

Gelsomino Rossi

Jan 17 1944

On the night of January 17, 1944, the 2nd Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers (2 RSF) took part in a daring amphibious assault on Monte d'Argento (Scauri, Italy). The operation was part of a larger amphibious assault during the crossing of the Garigliano River, aimed at breaking through German defensive lines during the Italian Campaign. The attack, launched as an outflanking maneuver, saw the 2 RSF land from the sea near Monte d'Argento to capture the high ground. The objective was to clear the way for the Seaforth Highlanders' inland advance. However, the operation encountered serious difficulties and navigational errors; most of the landing craft failed to reach the correct beaches, and many misjudged their landing sites and ran aground too far south. Those who landed at Monte d'Argento found themselves immediately trapped.

2 Royal Scots Fusiliers War Diary

The battalion's landing plan failed completely, and the unit was brutally disorganized from the start. Many of the drivers strayed too far from shore, making it impossible to use the guide lights placed at intervals along the beach or to see the mouth of the river, which would have been the safest guide.

"Not one of the boats carrying the Royal Engineer assault companies found the right beach."

Major Sandilands, second in command of the 2 Royal Scots Fusiliers, reported:

"Before the bombardment began at 9:00 PM, we had no idea where we were. It was already clear that the third wave was lost in any case. They found themselves trapped inside an unmarked German minefield, which caused significant losses and disorganized the battalion. Many of the landed riflemen were blocked, and several men were wounded or captured; unfortunately, there were also deaths. The infantry troops, such as the Royal Scots Fusiliers, found themselves under incessant fire close to the beaches. The German soldiers, barricaded on the heights and protected by vast minefields, machine-gunned the Allied positions and, on several occasions, the enemy units exchanged shouts and taunts during the violent clash. I was able to understand and empathize with the horror and brutality of war when I read the diary of Captain Anthony Courtney, who was part of the  2 Royal Scots Fusiliers:

 

“From the shoreline under fire from the 88s and the German MGs, they could hear in the distance the megaphones of the PK units. German propaganda, literally shouting at them:

"Come forward, you bastards, we're waiting for you!"

The minefield trap and the landing of Company B at Marina di Minturno. The beach and slopes of Monte d'Argento had been heavily mined by the German defenders. Captain Courtney and Private Chamberlain found themselves trapped under enemy fire right inside one of these dense minefields and were separated from the rest of the company.

Monday, June 22, 2026

Casualties between 18 -22 Jan 44

 

NEW INFORMATION RECEIVED SINCE BOOK PUBLISHED.

22 Jan 44 Page 128

Official History

Brigadier Molony’s The Mediterranean and Middle East, notes that between 18-22 Jan 44 inclusive, the start of the Garigliano Offensive, casualties in the whole of X Corps (which included 5, 45 & 56 Division) were 1,312.

Just three battalions of 5 Division lost about 565 men that week: The Royal Scots Fusiliers’ casualties were approximately 140, including seven officers, to which a further 53 casualties had to be added on 23 Jan 44 - a total of 193.

Field Returns of Jan 22 44 for 6 Seaforth Highlanders show a complement of 27 officers and 608 ORs, against a War Establishment of 36 officers and 815 ORs. The battalion was forced to reorganise into three Rifle Companies, so it must have lost in the region of 100 men. 

1 Bn York & Lancaster lost 256 men during the week ending Jan 22 44.

The Wiltshires, also from 5 Division, lost 195 men during the Garigliano operations (two weeks) .

According to 56 Division ADMS, divisional troop casualties for the week ending 22 Jan 44 were 40 officers and 659 ORs.   Eric Morris, in Circles of Hell, gives the figure of 4,000 British casualties in the first battle of Cassino (22 Jan – 13 Feb 44).

56 Division ADMS Medical Diary for Jan 44 records 76 officers and 1311 OR casualties in January - a total of 1387.

Sunday, June 21, 2026

The Gustav Line where many battles were fought over many months

 The Gustav Line where many battles were fought over many months including the Battle For Monte Natale which was part of the first Battle for Monte Cassino.

Map of Southern Italy 1944 – The Gustav Line. (United States Military Academy)






Tuesday, June 16, 2026

Main dispositions of Regiments at midnight 21 Jan 44.

 Main dispositions of 1 York & Lancs. 1 Green Howards and KOYLI at midnight 21 Jan 44.

1 York & Lancs. on Monte Natale. 1 Green Howards around Tremensuoli. 1 KOYLI. At Point 172. 



Sunday, June 14, 2026

Further Information received since book published

56 Infantry Division Crossing the River Garigliano

  2 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9   56 Infantry Division Crossing the River Garigliano 18 January 1944 The 56 Infantry ...